Manipulating text utilities: TR, TEE, WC, CUT

TR

Translates specified characters into other characters or to delete them. It requires at least one argument, the maximum is two.

$ tr [options] set1 [set2]
or
$ command [FILE] | tr options

tr a-z A-Z
Convert lower case to upper case

tr '{}' '()' < inputfile > outputfile
Translates braces into parenthesis

echo "This is for testing" | tr [:space:] '\t'
Translates white-space to tabs

echo "This is for testing" | tr -s [:space:]
Squeezes repetition of characters using -s

echo "the geek stuff" | tr -d 't'
Deletes specified characters using -d option

echo "my username is 432234" | tr -cd [:digit:]
Complements the sets using -c option

tr -cd [:print:] < file.txt
Removes all non-printable character from a file

tr -s '\n' ' ' < file.txt
Joins all the lines in a file into a single line

TEE

Merge the standard displayed output of a command with the creation of a file like it was $ command > FILE 

WC

Counts the number of lines, words, and characters in a file or list of files:

• –l Number of lines
• -c Number of bytes
• -w Number of words

CUT

A weakened version of AWK. It displays the wanted column of a column-based text file.

$ ls -l | cut -d" " -f3

Prints the third column of the file, assuming that the columns are separated by a space " ".