Automate safe system upodates with a single script (for APT + systemd systems)

THE PROBLEM Keeping a Linux system fully updated usually means doing several things by hand: Update APT package lists Upgrade installed packages Remove unused dependencies and cached files Update Flatpak apps (if you use Flatpak) Update firmware via fwupd (if available) Decide whether to reboot or shut down None of that is hard, but it is repetitive and easy to skip steps, especially firmware updates. This script turns that whole workflow into a single, safe command. REQUIREMENTS This script assumes: Package manager Uses APT Example: Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint and similar Init system Uses systemd (for systemctl reboot/poweroff) Shell bash (script uses “#!/usr/bin/env bash” and “set -euo pipefail”) You can run it with: bash script.sh Privileges Your user has sudo rights Optional components Flatpak (optional) If not installed, Flatpak steps are skipped fwupd (fwupdmgr, optional) If not installed, firmware steps a...
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Capitalisation in Linux

There’s no strict standard, but there is a clear Unix culture:


Commands → lowercase

If something is meant to be run like a system tool, it stays lowercase and has no extension.
Examples I use:

  • lcs (an acronym, which in normal language should all be written in capital letters)

  • backup

  • autorotate

Lowercase feels like a real command.


Scripts → lowercase + .sh

If it’s a helper script or automation that I run as a file (not a tool), lowercase with .sh is the normal style.
Examples:

  • update.sh

  • autorotate-wayland.sh

Lowercase says “this is a local script,” .sh says “you can open and edit me.”


Directories → depends on role

  • normal folders → lowercase (projects, scripts, notes)

  • acronyms or mount points → UPPERCASE

    • /mnt/LCS

    • /mnt/ISO

    • /mnt/VM

Uppercase makes special-purpose folders stand out, especially for devices and acronyms.

The rule I’m keeping

  • lowercase for commands

  • lowercase + .sh for scripts

  • UPPERCASE allowed for directories

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